... my friend, 32-year-old office Clerk Zhu TE From Beijing, insanely glad to the new decree of the Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. They have a 7-year-old daughter and his wife. However, according to the ancient traditions, they have long dreamed of starting a boy: he will grow up, get rich and ensure parents in old age. The birth tax of the second child until recently was 30,000 yuan (approximately $ 5,000), and Zhu with his wife began to postpone the definite amount from each salary, in order to pay the duty. "Excellent, now we will save a bunch of money! - Relates the future happy father. "My grandmother raised twelve children, and I would like to have no less." While we received a discount on the appearance of a son - this is a great news! " In the evening, dinner in the diner Urumchi (the capital of Xinjiang Province), I see how visitors are hugging at the tables, ordering each other beer. "Today is some holiday?" - I ask the waiter. "Yes of course. People celebrate permission to the second child. " In China, they simply love children - every day I meet on the street of boys and girls, dressed, like princes and princesses, spoiled, crushed by sweets. Meanwhile, China has 1 billion 370 million citizens, and "relaxation", as analysts assure, will lead to the following - in five years in the country will be born from a hundred to three hundred (!) Millions of babies. What caused a similar solution?
Photo: AiF / George Zotov
- China has no choice - tells consultant of the government of Xinjiang Alim Karaburibelonging to the Uygur minority. - The policy of a hard limitation of the birth rate introduced by the "Father of Reforms" Dan Xiaopic, acted since 1979. One family was allowed to have only one child, and the point. With the onset of economic success, the barriers began to be filmed. In rural areas, there were two children, national minorities (including Uyguram) - three: with the reservation, that the difference between the birth of one offsk and the other should be four years. Over time, the ban and at all began to have little meaning: millions of wealthy people appeared in the country - in Beijing and Shanghai, the average salary exceeds $ 1,000 per month, many can afford to accumulate on an "excess child." But the main thing is not that. The population of the PRC will quickly become old, we have 110 million people in retirement age, and in 2050, according to UN calculations, they will already be 440 million. Imagine such a number of old people? The number of working hands is reduced, it follows from this: if China will lose the status of the "assembly shop" of the planet, will come to an end and well-being. The government has no choice.
... That's where from the "fateful decision of the plenum" is far from delighted, so this is the "ethnic outskirts" of the PRC - in the same Xinjiang and Tibet, who met a sensation without much enthusiasm. There, the Chinese residents are almost as much as the indigenous population - about 40-45 percent. "Soon migrants from China will be two thirds of the total number of residents of Xinjiang, - sad tells me taxi driver, Uigur Mohammed, showing on a huge crowd of Chinese workers who leave from the gate of the Textile factory Urumchi. - The game is over, we are absorbed. " Fearing conflicts in the "problem" regions, the Chinese Communist Party is preparing a new bill - national minorities will allow children on the principle of "how much you want", although it is unlikely to reduce the tension. The state propaganda was immediately included: with television screens, the need for such a solution is explained, the need for an argument is given, including the following: three hundred million children will contribute to the growth in consumption of goods and will save the impended from the impending crisis. For the Chinese economy "slows down".
Photo: AiF / George Zotov
- When I was in Russia, I was told a very short joke, - laughs businessman Haye Long. - "The inscription on the doors of the Chinese maternity hospital:" Enough! ". Now in the PRC, a twofold opinion about this championship party. Those who wanted to have children are satisfied that you should not pay tax. Others are afraid of overpopulation - we and so in large cities the terrible ecology, and for this reason there is an increase in cancer. However, I do not think that now, in a year, hundreds of millions of small Chinese will float us. The republic began to live better, and many families are breeding children after thirty years, preferring first to enjoy the benefits of life. As a dangerous example, our government nods to Japan, whose citizens, according to statistics, are the oldest in the world. Of the 127 million population there are 27 million grandparents.
... But most of all the decree of the Plenum of the Central Committee was delighted by the owners of children's stores. "I drink whiskey for the third day and can't stop," said me Zhou Han, the owner of the supermarket of toys "Little Emperor" In Urumqi - he barely stands on his feet, a dreamy smile does not come from his face. "A couple of recent years, the business went either Shalko or Vacco ... Glory to the party, now I will be a rich man."
One family - one child: results and consequences
History of the question
Attempts to reduce the fertility were taken by the PRC authorities long before the launch of a large-scale campaign, called "one family - one child." But earlier, from 1956 to the 1971th, within the two first campaigns, noticeable results were not observed. By the beginning of the seventies, it became obvious that the situation with the overload of land, water and energy resources threatens the uniform catastrophe for the country, and demographic policies moved to a new more rigid round.
Photo - Reuters / Guang Niu
The third campaign unfolded in 1971, and initially limited to administrative measures: an increase in the intervals between births, installation to the late marriages, the reduction of the family as a whole. "WAN, XI, SHAO" - the new policy that followed these endeavors implied the legislative measures already. Abortions and contraceptives were greatly distributed, as well as for the first time "standard" in the number of children per family changed from 3 to 1. It is believed that the next 10 years have been the most successful in solving the problem of overcrowding and it would be worthwhile to revise the question of the issue, but the authorities Decide to consolidate success and achieve new results.
In 1979, a new fourth campaign starts, entitled "One family is one child", the purpose of which is to limit the number of China's population to the level of 1.2 billion people by 2000.
The plan was completed, but the price turned out to be high. A little about the back of the "medal", about the "second end of the stick", which, as you know, always takes place in the projects of this sense.
Price "Victory"
One of the first " side Effects»New demographic Policy The practice of underground services for the establishment of the sex of the expected child became.
Over the past 15 months, more than 6.5 thousand violations were detected in conducting ultrasound studies without sufficient readings
With the exception of medical records, the ultrasound was prohibited, as a result of which the black market of an impressive scale arose. Not wonder - in conditions when it is allowed to have only one child, everyone wanted a boy. Selective abortions (the preservation of the child is only if it is a boy) become a cooking phenomenon, for which it was necessary to understand who was expected by the woman in labor. 
Photo: Carlos Barria / Reuters. Source - Lenta.ru.
Trying to bypass the law, many Chinese couples go to give birth to Hong Kong, where there is own legislation
Per lately A lot of strength and money was spent in order to establish a fight with maternal tourism. For the number of births from the mainland, certain quotas were introduced. It is noteworthy that the solution to the problem with the influx of those who wish to give birth to Hong Kong was equally diligently worked as the PRC authorities at all levels and directly the authorities of Hong Kong - the phenomenon causes discontent with the locals. 
Maternity hospital in Hong Kong. Photo: Jerome Favre / Bloomberg Via Getty Images / Fotobank. Source - Lenta.ru.
As a result of the policy "One family - one child", children in China turned into "small emperors"
After the birth of a child, other consequences pop up on the surface. In an effort to give the only child, the best, parents are often ready to refuse themselves in everything, hidden by any whims and whims of their children that sometimes leads to real tragedies. So in January 2015, a 13-year-old girl forced her mother to make an abortion at the 13th week of pregnancy. Otherwise, the girl promised to commit suicide. 
Photo: Alexander F. Yuan / AP Source - Lenta.ru
At the moment, men in the country are 20 million more than women
The desire to give birth to a boy, naturally formed in Chinese families, led to an impressive gender imbalance. At the same time, the dynamics remained - by 2020, the gap is predicted already in 24 million. The authorities are attempting to stimulate the birth of girls with the help of various measures, but there is no effort to talk about the adequacy. 
Photo: Jeff Xu / Reuters
Source - Lenta.ru.
Without the opportunity to find a wife, Chinese youth appeals to unconventional sexual practices.
Youth has any other problems. The consequence of gender imbalance was the increase in the number of homosexuals. The Chinese leadership puts up with this phenomenon and even takes steps to his "legalization". So in 1997, homosexuality ceased to be considered a crime, and in 2001, excluded from the list of mental illness. But on the household level, same-sex communications, as perceived predisfactory, and continue to be perceived. Meanwhile, the overwhelming majority of young homosexuals are ready to enter into a traditional marriage, if such an opportunity to introduce themselves - according to some estimates, as much as 80% of the total. 
Photo: Jason Lee / Reuters. Source - Lenta.ru.
Exceptions confirm the rule
An extraordinary success of the Chinese began to be considered the birth of twins. Legally, the family has the opportunity to raise not one, but two own children, without paying a fine. In this case, the second, as it may be not considered, since nature lives in its laws that the PRC authorities are not yet able to change. Thus, the consequence of the policy "One family is one child", including the new annual holiday - "Festival of twins"
Festival twins in Beijing, 2007 year. Photo: NG HAN GUAN / AP. Source - Lenta.ru.
For national minorities in China introduced various demographic chances
The law in China is not the same for everyone. For a number of nations whose number does not exceed 100 thousand people, there are no restrictions on the number of children. In the photo below is captured by one of the representatives of the Jino (Dino) people named Ba Lui, with its offspring. This is a few people, just 21 thousand people, so Ba Luwei can afford to have so many children as he wants. 
Photo: Greg Baker / AP.
Source - Lenta.ru.
During the earthquake in Sichuan Province in 2008, more than 69 thousand people died, 18 thousand were missing and 288 thousand were injured
The government's adjustment was resorted in 2008, after the Sichuan earthquake, which took the lives of many tens of thousands of people, among whom were children. Residents of the province were allowed to give birth to another child if the only child died or remained disabled, two children died or suffered, as well as the families where one of the parents remained disabled. But, such a decision was temporary, in general, demographic policies continued to exist unchanged. 
Tragedy in Sichuani Photo: Bo Bor / Reuters. Source - Lenta.ru.
New Chairman - New Relaxation
The first significant mitigations in demographic policies occurred only with the arrival of the new generation of Chinese leadership at the chapter with Si Jinping. There were relaxation in the following: it became allowed to have two children those families in which at least one of the parents himself is the only child. At first glance, the relaxation is not too significant. However, there is reason to believe that these are only the first steps, since in the near future, the authorities have to solve other demographic problems, figuratively speaking, get rid of "Children" campaign "One family is one child", including gender imbalance and population aging process . And such "kids" program is clearly more than one.
Photo: Greg Baker / AP. Source - Lenta.ru. China is one of the most numerous countries of the world. It developed historically. Many families in this country are large. The territory of China, though large, but the population is in excess. Because of this, the country's authorities decided to influence the demographic situation, making a decree "one family - one child."
Features of this Decree
This policy was introduced in the country in the 70s of the last century. It is connected with the fact that at this time in China was a lot of the country's economy and the standard of living of the population decreased. No means there was a lot of families with large families - they simply lacked square meters for life. As a result, such families demanded the care of them states, benefits and so on. Therefore, for families, only one child was born, all the best was provided that the state could give at that time. And for those who for any reason also born children were born, the penalty was from 4 to 8 average annual incomes of the region where the family lived. Parents in the literal sense of the word bought children.
"One family is one child" - a policy in China - aims to reduce the population by 2000 to 1.2 billion people. Administrative measures were introduced, contraceptive means were actively promoted, abortions became popular. But why was China turned out to be so populated?
Historical backgrounds in China in China
China was famous for the numerous population since Samurai. They actively engaged in the development of land, while their wives watched family life and gave birth to children. This tradition began to actively continue after the Second World War. At this time, the country's authorities saw that many people had died in the world, in their state it was necessary to raise the economic level of development, and was given a setting on multi-way. The birth of 3-4 children was actively encouraged.
When the population began to grow rapidly, attempts were made to reduce these rates, various restrictions were introduced for families. But the policy of "One family is one child" in China has become the most extreme measure of influence on the demographic situation in the country. She was officially adopted in 1979.
Features of the accounting of the population in China
This policy has already had its underwater stones and shortcomings. Everything is connected with the peculiarities of accounting for the number of population and attitude towards the female floor. In China, there is no registration of born children, and the accounting is carried out only by the number of dead people in the family for 1 year. This approach does not satisfy the request to accurate population in the country, therefore it is more than statistical data.
The policy "One family is one child" immediately faced problems at the gender level. In this country, not such an attitude towards the female floor, as in Europe. Women there are an order of magnitude lower than men in status and rights. Therefore, when a girl appeared in the family first, her parents seemed to see the birth of the second child. It turned out that the authorities decided, whom to give birth a second time, and who should not.
How do children associated with the country's economy?
As a result of the policy "One family - one child" the authorities still achieved some positive moments. The age of the Chinese has changed, also a few changed approach to family financing. For one child, the state spends much less means than on three or five. As a result, it is acute the question of increasing wages, thereby retained cheap labor with increased health care. In addition, women, freed from the obligation to follow young children, they used to go to work, which was also favorably affected by the economic growth of the state. In addition, the authorities did not have to think about how to feed and teach the second and followed by the children.
All this is good, and even there was an ideal period for the country, when there are few children, and there are few old men. But the policy of "one family is one child" (China) has also shown its opposite side over time. There were problems that did not immediately calculate.
Excess elderly Chinese
When there was a period of small number of older Chinese, no one thought about what would be later, and the authorities were satisfied with the "one family - one child" by politics. Problems began already closer to 2010: the population redesigned, people aged became an order of magnitude more. For them, now it was necessary to take care, but it became no one to do it. It works actively, and few young people.
The country was also not ready for pension policy, in which the state assumes the duties on the maintenance of the elderly. Therefore, even 70 years, many Chinese were forced to work to earn their lives.
There was a problem of lonely older people. There was an additional burden on social services for the inscription of these people. It turned out that in one household, there was sometimes one person who could no longer cope with exercise.
The problem of children's egoism in connection with such policies of the authorities
The second scoring stone of the Policy "One Family is one child" became children. On the one hand, the ability to correctly raise one child, give it everything you need, much more than to provide it all for seven. But many noticed that the children became too selfish. Even such an example was when Mother became pregnant with a second child, and the first teenage girl put her condition: either the mother makes an abortion, or the girl finishes the life of suicide. It was associated with a selfish desire to receive all the attention from his parents and not to share it with anyone else.
The problem of selective abortion
Given the attitude of the Chinese to women, as well as the introduced restriction on the number of children in the family, is not surprising that parents wanted to have a boy. But the floor will not be predictable, so many have become looking for the opportunity to determine as early as possible, who will have them to get rid of an unwanted girl.
Illegal services for the implementation of ultrasound for determining the Floor Floor, although this is prohibited by law. "One family is one child" - a policy in China - led to selective abortions that have become familiar among the Chinese chokes.
Problem searching spouses for young Chinese
As a result, after the creation of the birth of boys, the number of girls in the country was much decreased. At first, this also did not see any problem. It is much better to have a boy in a family, which will then become a breadwinner. Politics even in some circles changed its name: "One family is one child with higher education." Parents were proud of the opportunity to give her son high-quality education, since they had the opportunity to teach him.
But the years go, girls in the country are less and less, a lot of guys, and another problem appeared - search for spouses or just a pair. In China, homosexuality began to flourish on this basis. The reasons for this for the majority were walking precisely in the excess of the male population. Some statistics show that young people practicing same-sex communications are ready to enter into a traditional marriage if there is such an opportunity. On the this moment The number of male population prevails over the female already on 20 million people.
Birth in Hong Kong. Excess Rozhenichits
A policy that allows you to have no more than one child in the family, determines the birth quotas for the baby. Therefore, most Chinese women who decided on the second child were forced to ride their childbirth to another territory - to Hong Kong. There are laws less strict, and no one introduced any quotas. But the problem arose in the smallest state. After all, the number of Chinese chickens, and the capacity of the hospitals is designed for an officially registered as a result, not all local residents had the opportunity to give birth in a comfortable environment - in hospitals constantly lacked places. The authorities of both states began to fight with maternal tourism.
Future of the country with this policy
The policy of educating only one child in China led to the emergence of a new segal holiday for the population - the day of twins. For a family was considered a large event of the birth of twins, as it gave them the right to educate their two children. No matter how hard power tried to prevent this, but they won't go against nature. When future parents found out that they would have a twins, their happiness was not the limit - it freed them from the fine for the second child and increased the family as much as two little miracles. The country began to arrange the festivals of twins about this.
But this law does not apply to small, which do not exceed 100 thousand people to the population of all of China. These people were also lucky - they have the right to give birth as many children as they want.
Analyzing all the problems and underwater stones adopted in the late 70s of the twentieth century on a child on a family, the Chinese authorities came to the conclusion that it is necessary to somehow soften its wording and enable the population to give birth not only one child. As a result, "one family is one child" - a policy in China - canceled. It happened in October 2015.
The leadership of the country approved a new law on resolving families to have two children. According to their forecasts, it will solve the problem with selective abortions, there will be no such chase for boys in families, and many will allow themselves to raise and girls. In addition, there will be not such a sharp reduction in the young population, and two young children will come to replace two old parents. In addition, not all Chinese women can have children, but some remain with one child. Therefore, the demographic situation will not significantly change with the adoption of a new law.
"One family is one child": cancellation of politics
Of course, rumors about the cruelty of China's authorities in relation to childbirth. A little easier sighed the population of this country, when from January 1, 2016, the birth policy in the family was finally canceled. But what is it dictated? Enhanced concern about the moral component. The thing is that this law, which has been current about 35 years, has become strongly contrary to the economic interests of the country. That is why the policy "One family is one child" canceled. What gives this country and young parents?
Some of the caustic refer to this cancellation, as they admit the thought of the baby boom. But fear a sharp change The demographic situation is not worth it. The fact is that in last years (From 2013), politics have already taken place - it was allowed to have two children in those families, where at least one of the spouses grew alone in the family. Thus, the Chinese were gradually prepared for cancellation of policies.
For young families, cancellation is a sip of fresh air. After all, at the legislative level, they were allowed to educate not "small emperors" - selfish children, and two full members of society who can be in the team.
China is a generally recognized demographic giant, which is not equal. From ancient times, China rightly considered one of the most numerous states that cannot be cared by definition.
However, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, the situation in China is not so unequivocal, as presented earlier. The state policy in the last third of the twentieth century has become very tough, especially the program "One family is one child." China against the background of a global demographic trend began to lose the population. And this led not only to positive, but also to negative consequences
Implementation of the decree on small families
The rigid demographic policy of China's communist leadership was carried out throughout the second half of the twentieth century, but it was especially tightened in the seventies of the last century. Such actions of the state are explained by the fact that at that time in China was too a large number of large families. Because of this, the economy of the whole country has deteriorated, the standard of living of the numerous population has fallen. It was very difficult to contain large families - for them just lacked square meters of housing, even for the most modest life. Moreover, similar families needed the care of the state, social benefits, and so on.
Child - all the best
For young families with one child, all the best was scheduled to offer the state at that time. But for parents who have randomly or deliberately appeared children, the penalty in the form of a fine corresponded to several average annual income of the permanent residence region. Undoubted parents literally had to buy their children.
The activities of the state in China, expressed in the slogan "one family - one child", reduced to the population by 2000 to the total number of 1.2 billion people. Administrative actions were promoted, the means of contraception were actively introduced, they became massive abortions. So fought with the "hated past."
Yes, and in principle, such a population has become very difficult. Then the statistics were calculated that the number of Chinese would soon become such that the country would simply not survive. It was difficult to introduce policies and because in China was traditional to have a big family. Yes, and since state pensions are not provided for the population, to contain elderly parents, they had to have grown daughters and sons, which is why the three-four and more children gave birth.
Causes of "baby boom" in the twentieth century.
China the problem of overpopulation was known from the Samurai era. They actively conducted a policy of expanding land possessions, and their spouses developed a family structure and gave birth to heirs. The Chinese tradition of large families began to actively cultivate after the bloody World War II. At that time, the country's authority, realizing that in the world in the military era, the population declined, and in China it is necessary to increase the economic level, they began to adhere to the tactics of large families. Especially cultivated the emergence of 3-4 children.
However, when the number of Chinese began to increase too fast rates, attempts to reduce these rates were gradually began to reduce, various restriction measures were introduced for large families. And the most painful measure of influence on the established demographic situation in the country was the "One family - one child" tactics. Officially, politics accepted as a state course in 1979.
Chinese statistics
The policy of reducing the birth rate in China has already had certain hidden flaws and shortcomings. Everything was determined by the specificity of the population accounting. In China, there is no process of registration of newborns, as in Russia, and records are carried out only by the number of those who died in the family of relatives for the past calendar year. However, such an approach exacerbates the problem of the exact volume of the population in China, it is believed that now it is not as available official data.
The State Course "One Family is one child" immediately met with difficulties in the form of a gender problem. In China, as in a purely Asian country, not so positive attitude towards a woman as in Europe. In Asia, women in socially socially An order of magnitude lower than men. Because of this, when the firstborn was a girl in the family, her father and mother were striving for any ways (including not completely legal) to get the official permission for the birth of another child. Even with pregnancy, the girl was trying to get rid of the girl, as they understood that the grown daughter would have to carry full responsibility for the elderly parents for her fragile shoulders. As a result of all this, the situation arose, when the authorities decided to make another child, and to whom one kid is enough.
Economic consequences
In the development of the course "One family - one child", the state still received some positive moments. On the only child, the authorities spend significantly less resources than a few. Because of this, there is no acute problem of increasing wages, and in the end, cheap labor continues to be maintained at a sufficiently large efficiency of the Chinese. The age composition of the population has changed, the policy of financing Chinese families has also changed a little. In addition, women who do not have to be long in the family to raise children could more pay attention to work at enterprises, which also positively affected the beneficial economic development of the state. And the authorities themselves no longer needed to look for resources to feed and teach several children at once.
These aspects of life had a positive aspect, and at some time the country was even in ideal conditionsWhen juvenile residents turned out to be a bit, and the old people were still small. But ultimately, the course "One family is one child" gradually revealed its negative sides. There were problems that did not even think about.
Excess Starikov
During the period of a minor number of older residents, the authorities did not expect what would happen in the near future, and almost everyone was satisfied with the law "One family is one child." But time went. The negative sides were manifested at the beginning of the twenty-first century: the age of the population has changed, the elderly residents have become much more. For these people, it was now to be careed, but it was a certain one. The able-bodied Chinese earned a living, and young people were not enough.
The authorities were also not ready for the provision of old people. Pension payments were insufficient. Because of this, having survived to 70 years, part of the inhabitants continued to work to provide themselves.
The problem of lonely elderly Chinese has aggravated. There was a new, rather severe responsibility of the structure of social services for monitoring old men. It was often happening that one person lived in the family, who was no longer able to cope with the duties of the owner and emerging household work.
Children
Another negative consequence of the demographic policy of China was the pedagogical problem of the education of the younger children. Of course, the opportunities to organize the only child well, provide him with the necessary means and resources, significantly more than to do it for several. But soon it became noticeable that the children became too selfish. There is a case when Mother became pregnant with another child, and a teenager's daughter presented her condition: or mom makes an abortion immediately, or a girl kills himself. Such behavior was associated with an understandable selfish feeling of using parental care and not to divide it with another child.
The problem of selective (gender) abortions
Demographic indicators were influenced by the relationship of residents of consecutive to women, as well as an existing restriction on the number of children in the family. It is clear that the father and mother wanted to have a boy born. But the floor is impossible to order, so part of the parents began to look for the possibility of determining the floor even during pregnancy to get rid of the child, if it turns out that the spouses are waiting for a girl.
There were illegal medical services According to the ultrasound to clarify the floor of the fetus, although it was prohibited by the state. The course "One family is one child" in the end provoked the growth of selective (gender) abortions, which became common in China's women (the country and today is the world leader in the number of abortion).
Women's question
So, the position in China has strengthened: one child in the family. Well or did such a policy affected the situation of women? After a sharp increase in fertility of boys in China, the number of girls has significantly reduced. Initially, this situation did not seem particularly problematic. After all, it is much more useful to bring up a boy who in old age will be a breadwinner for parents. Politics Even in certain ruling circles, another name was obtained: "One family is one child with higher education." Father and mother were proud of the opportunity to give her son a good education, because they had funds to teach him.
But subsequently it was revealed that there are little girls, and strong sex representatives are too much. So, another sharp problem was born - search for a wife. In China, because of this, unconventional sex began to actively develop. Separate statistical studies show that young people entering same-sex communications do not deny the traditional marriage if there is such an opportunity. Today, the excess of the male population over feminine is twenty million people.
Hong Kong
Politics "One family is one child" dictates quotas for the appearance of the baby. Therefore, a significant part of the Chineseokov, who decided for another child, had to go for childbirth to the neighboring country - Hong Kong. There are laws less strict, and there has never been any fertility quota. However, the problem appeared in the tiny state. After all, the number of Chinese women is quite large, and the number of beds of hospitals is designed for the female population of Hong Kong. As a result, not all local mothers got the opportunity to give birth to their children in the maternity hospital - there were no free places there. The officials of both states began to resist the "maternal tourism".
Change policy limitations
Summing up the influence of the demographic policy of China, officials began to understand that it is necessary to somehow mitigate the content of the law and provide the opportunity to families not only one child. As a result, this standard was canceled in the fall of 2015.
The Chinese government took a new provision, allowing families to give birth to two children. According to the assumptions of officials, it will make it a less acute problem with mass selective abortions, over time the problem of the prevalence of boys will disappear, some families will be able to raise even girls. Finally, there will be no such significant decrease in the younger population, and the parents will help in old age two of their children. It should be borne in mind that not all women at the time of the policy changes can still have children, part will remain with the only child. All these nuances say that the demographic situation with the adoption of the law of 2015 will not change dramatically. Although the abolition of the course can already be considered a small victory.
"One family is one child": cancellation of politics
Of course, the world walks the cruelty of the Chinese authorities (partially true) as part of the policy. A little improved situation when from the beginning of 2016 the state rate per child in the family was completely canceled. The reasons for such a softness of the government are several. For example, this law began to actively counteract economic opportunities countries. Difficulties arose in the moral sphere.
Future
Part of politicians I. public figures Posantly refer to the latest changes, since they allow baby-boom and a significant increase in demographic indicators. But in principle, the sharp deterioration of the demographic situation is not necessary. The problem is that lately (since 2013) has already had one relaxation course of the state - it was possible to have two children in some families where the husband or wife was the only child in the family. Consequently, the Chinese have already been prepared a little to change policies.
For families of young Chinese, cancellation is the wind of change in their favor. After all, they were officially allowed to give birth not alone egoists, but two members of society who know how to live in the team.
How much do you have children in China?
In 1970, the QUOT law was adopted in China; one family is one of the child, this law did not work for a long time and in 1980 this program earned, but in 2014 the law corrected a little.
If the family wants to have two children, then one of the parents should be the only son or daughter in the family, then please, such a couple has the right to start two children and no more.
Also, you can also start the second baby if the first infestation in the family is disabled.
The second guy can be started if the couple pays a decent amount into China's budget and there is no ban on the birth of twins or twins, so many young couples turn to artificial fertilization in the hope of going twins or triple.
The authorities of China are struggling so that some women sterilize or force to an abortion.
But under this law, the Chinese do not fall, who have children from marriages with foreigners, say: give birth to how much you want, but children should live and raise in another country.
In China, there was a strict law before: there should be more than one child in the family. This measure was forced, because China is less, for example, Russia, and the population of the billion is a bigger burden on the economy. In addition, millionic cities in China are rare, and the city in 500,000 inhabitants is the village).
But then the government softened the law, allowing you to have 2 children if one of the parents is the only child in the family. The third child is already busting, punishable by a fine.
I know that the beginning it was possible to have only 1 child, but in 2015, as far as I know, you can have 2 children, but it concerns more, it is already imposed a fine, and the penalty increases for each subsequent child.
China Overlooked Country, and there with the birth of children Strict Conditions. In 1979, such a decree was introduced that a Chinese family could give birth to one child, it was done to improve the economic situation in China and in order to stop the demographic explosion.
And in 2013 it was decided that certain families could have two children.
There was an exception that two children can have such pairs, where parents are the only children in their family, or they lived in the village, and not in the city.
And from December 28, this, if one of the parents is the only child in the family, then they are allowed to give birth to a second child.
In China, for a long time there was a simple law one family is one of the child. He was adopted due to the big natural increase In the country, back in 1970.
Since 2015, it is allowed to have a full-fledged family to have two children.
I'm afraid that very bad amendments, as the population and without China is growing rapidly.
In China now, the laws have not changed much.
Now in the family is allowed for 2 children.
Let me remind you before, 1 child was allowed, the subsequent children were born with large losses for the family.
This mitigation in China perceived ambiguously.
In China, they abstained a rigorous law, one family was allowed to have only one child. But still there is still hope they have, because there are already talking, to resolve the Chinese family not only a child alone, but two. After all, someone can be born twins. Now even some families were allowed to have two children, for example, in the village of the family, the first girl was born, and since the girl was born, then they can give birth to the second.
The Chinese play back - already in November 2013, they began to mitigate the policy one family is one child; which was introduced in 1978, it turns out. Softening is that if at least one of the parents is the only child, then in his family he can have two children. Talk about the fact that after 2015 two children will be allowed to have everything. In addition, representatives of small nationalities can have any children anywhere (but it seemed to have it so much), and in some areas, rural residents can have two children if the girl was first born (the issue of the economy - parents in old age contains sons). In some areas, rural residents can have three children.
In short, the sun is difficult. But they need to raise the fertility, and there will be many elderly dependents and little workable Chinese.
Previously, it was allowed in China to have exclusively only one of the only child. At the moment you can have a family to have two children, but not more. And those who violate these rules, then this family assigns a fine, which, with the birth of a subsequent child, grows. So, here is a KVAE - a bust of the birth rate, even the prohibitions are imposed, and we have a chance in Russia, on the contrary, we pay money for the birth of the second and subsequent.
Directly by the Chinese, so far, you can officially have only one child, although compared with a few years earlier in this principle is noticeable to relax. So, they promise to allow you to have two children to those couples in which only one spouse is in turn the only child, whereas now it is possible to have two children only if both spouse are the only children. It is still possible to have two children to peasants who have the first child a girl, parents who have the first child of a disabled person and several more preferential categories. Well, the number of children from representatives small peoples Not limited, and these are the favorite peoples of the fans of the game in the eruit - She, Yao, Lee, Ba, Tu.