Restoration of the estate of the Vsevolozhskiy on the former Weaving Factory "Red Rose" in Khamovniki (Timura Frunze Street, House 11, Building 56) Completed.
The end of the XVIII century mansion in two centuries almost lost the initial appearance.
Restorers took five years to return the city a unique historical object.Currently, the building was restored at the expense of private investors. About 150 million rubles took the restoration.
A few years ago, researchers found under the plaster fragments of wallpaper. The leading expert in this field Igor Kiselev dated their Petrovsky time. Credit could not be much younger than wallpaper. Most likely he was older. The nature of the design confirmed it. The house turned out to be about 300 years.
Once the main house of the estate of Vsevolozhski - the oldest wooden house of Moscow. He belonged to the number of a few wooden buildings of the city who survived the fire of 1812.
On the days of the fire and occupation of Moscow, the estate was not empty: the famous private printing house Nikolai Sergeevich Vsevolozhsky, who occupied the Flegel, became the "imperial printing house of the Great Army."
Manor of the Vsevolozhskiy on the former Weaving Factory "Red Rose" in Khamovniki
On typographic equipment belonging to the owner of the manor, official publications of the Napoleonic army and campaign materials facing the population of Moscow were printed.
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In the main house, abandoned by the owners, the Division General Count Jean Dominic Compane (Compans) settled. Here he heleraged the wound received during Borodin. The anecdote is known about how he assigned to himself the owner's outdoor watch, leaving a mare instead. The offspring "Madame Kompan" was highly valued in the connotation of Vsevolozhsk.
The plot in Tizl Lane (the historical name of Timura Frunze Street) was in possession of ancient and noble, ascending to Rurik, the genus Vsevolozhskiy since 1736. At the beginning of the XIX century, the then owner of the estate Nikolai Sergeevich Vsevolozhsky became known as the publisher. In his private printing house, more than 140 books were printed: biographies, history books (including the work of the Vsevolozhsky "Historical and Geographical Dictionary of the Russian Empire"), memoirs, Moscow map.
Manor of Vsevolozhskiy in Khamovniki (Timura Frunze Street, House 11, Building 56)
Since 1820, Vsevolozhskie passed a house for rent in the Spiridov family, from which the future participant of the Decembrists movedMikhail Matveyevich Spiridov. In 1838, the house was finally sold to the merchantAlfred Roll - organizer of the first major perfumery and cosmetic production in Moscow. By the middle of the XIX century. Already 22 buildings in Warf Lane, including the main house of the estate of Vsevolozhsk, have already belonged to the "partnership of Roll and Co.".
In 1878, the estate acquired companions - merchants Klawidi Osipovich (Claude Marie) Zhiro and Alexey Mikhailovich Istomin, who organized textile production on its territory.The estate of Vsevolozhskaya became an industrial territory. The Barsky House was in the midst of a huge factory yard (structure 56, against the main passage).
At the beginning of the 20th century, art gallery (structure 48) and a residential outline (structure 49, against the northern passage) were also built there. The gallery is built by an outstanding architect of the silver century by novel Klein. Only these three buildings from the sixty are declared newly identified architectural monuments.
A surprising way numerous changes that changed the face of the entire surrounding area have almost touched upon the main house of the manor. It was only subjected to repairs and partly internal redevelopment, one of its walls was replaced by a brick, but until recently, in its interiors, columns of an ionic order from artificial marble, interior doors, tile furnaces and fireplaces remained.
The house of Vsevolozhsky was the only chopped wooden house of palace type in Russia. In the mid-1990s of the 20th century, he was damaged by fire and drove and emanated for a number of years.
Currently, the aristocratic mansion, reconstructed in the business center "Manor of Vsevolozhski", is part of the Elite Business Quarter "Red Rose". In the course of major repairs, a unique decor of the facade was preserved and old interiors are partially recreated.
Planning solutions of the status business center "Manor of Vsevolozhsk" well thought out: there are small individuals and spacious rooms. The workspace is divided into zones by internal partitions. The spacious ground floor is prepared for operation and can be used for depositary or bank storage. The building is leased entirely, the variants of individual blocks are also provided.
The mansion is located between the two streets with one-sided movement. On the street of Leo Tolstoy, convenient departure to the street Zubovsky and a garden ring, along Timur Frunze Street - to Komsomolsky Prospect. The metro station "Park of Culture" is 4 minutes walk.
One-storey house on the territory of the former plant "Red Rose", and even earlier the factory is zhiro, immediately attracts the attention of people walking along Timur Frunze Street. The house is visible in the interval between the two red combine cases. Until recently, it was the oldest authentic wooden house, which remained in Moscow from the end of the XVIII century. When studying the house, a fragment of the wallpaper of Petrovsky times was discovered.
In 1736, possession belonged to the family of Vsevolozhsk. The genus of Vsevolozhsky led his beginning from the Grand Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, the princes of Smolensk. In terms of 1799, it was already possible to find "wooden house, choir" located on the site of the current building.
Then the manor belonged to the State and Military Actor Nikolai Sergeyevich Vsevolozhsky. In 1809, in one of the estates of the estate, being a vice-president and the management of the Moscow branch of the Medical and Surgical Academy, he founded the printing house, which was printed artistic, historical and medical books. The typography existed here until 1817, when Vsevolozhsky was appointed Civilian Governor Tver and left Moscow.
In 1812, during the seizure of Moscow, General Kompan lived in the House of Napoleon in the house of Vsevolozhsky, the typography was renamed the "imperial printing house of the Great Army". Leaving Moscow, the general took with him the outdoor hours of Vsevolozhsk, in return, he left his mare, which the owners called Madame Kompan.
In 1838, Vsevolozhsky left Khamovniki. One part of the ownership was acquired by the factory of stearin candles, another perfume factory Ralar. In 1875, both factories were sold to the owner of the silk factory Claude-Marie Zhiro, who established here the production of silk fabrics, retained after the revolution.
At that time in the main house of Vsevolozhsk, the accounting of the factory was posted.
In Soviet times, the house was not declared a monument and slowly destroyed. In 2003, the territory of the Red Rose factory was purchased for the construction of a social business complex.
Source: "Construction and Architecture of Moscow", 1983/8, p.36
As part of the Renovation of the Business Quarter, "Red Rose 1875" was decided to restore the main house of the estate with the aim of its subsequent use as a representation building.
After studying the state of the house, the specialists recognized the only possible way of scientific restoration - a bulkhead of a church. Even in Soviet times, one of the wooden walls of the house (south) was replaced by brick, which broke the cutting structure. In addition, the preservation of vintage logs was not more than 12%.
During the restoration, a symmetric composite solution and architectural and decoration of facades at the beginning of the XIX century were preserved.
Within the capital walls of the XVIII - XIX centuries, an imfilade of the front and residential premises was recreated. In five rooms on the part of the main facade were restored, on old photographs, interiors (furnaces, fireplaces, plastering walls, cornices). Also restored windows and doors. At the same time, such achievements of modernity were used as a supply and exhaust ventilation system, a single heat and cold supply system.
The estate in 2013 became the winner of the Moscow Government competition for the best project in the area of \u200b\u200bpreserving and popularizing the objects of cultural heritage "Moscow Restoration 2013" in the nomination ":" For the best project of restoration / fixture. "
All Muscovites and guests of the capital, who are interested in the old Moscow architecture, know the house under the Prechistenka. This is the estate of Vsevolozhsky, in 1867, rebuilt into an apartment building, and in 1917, which became the main headquarters of the Moscow counter-revolutionary cell - it was here that the stronghold of Junkers, who gave out the Red Prechistenk, 7 only in death, together with the last drop of their own blood. The Bolsheviks gave the house of the military: Later, the main military authorities of the Soviet power went on the parties here - Zhukov, Budyanny, Voroshilov ...
But the most brilliant pages of the history of the estate fell for a while when I was owned by Vsevolod Andreevich Vsevolozhsky, on the balls to whom the young Pushkin was often peeking.
Initially, this one of the largest and well-known Moscow estates owned the Ober-Prosecutor of the Synod, a valid secret adviser, Senator, Camger and Kavaler of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky. He was born in 1738 and lived a bright social life: Help Catherine II to go to the Russian throne, for which the monarch of the monarch of grace, gifts and honors, eliminated the epidemic of the plague in the order of Count Orlov and personally judged Emelyan Pugachev, being among the appointed judges. However, the heirs of the chamber did not give the heirs, and he bequeathed his home to the nephew - Rotmist Life Guard Vsevolod Andreevich Vsevolozhsky, who became the owner of Prechistenka, 7 after the death of his uncle in 1796.
Rurikovichi we ...
Before turning to the outstanding personality of the owner of the mansion, it is important to understand the place of Vsevolozhsky in the hierarchy of the Russian nobility. Vsevolozhskiy was recorded in the 6th part of the noble pedigree book of the Moscow and Penza lips, as originating from the princes of Smolensk, who lead their history from Rurikovich.
The princes Smolensk in the 16th knee were crawls, boyars and warlords and almost became a royal torture. Eviefmy Fedorovna Vsevolozhskaya, the daughter of a landowner from Casimov, selected their two hundred contenders in the bride to the tsar Alexey Mikhailovich on the bride. But on the presentation of the groom before that, the healthy and rosy red maiden Eviefima unexpectedly collapsed into fainting. It is said that Mama, aunties and girls tightened her braids that the poor was clouded in his eyes. Someone telessed them that the king, they say, loves the maiden tight and smoothly to be combed. Vsevolozhsk, they assured that without tracks of competing childbirth in the battle for the royal kingdoms, there was no reason. The king and his assistants did not understand for a long time: the bride's parents accused the fact that they tried to hide the Majesty of Majesty, their daughter and thus almost spoiled the royal genus of their sick blood. The whole family after this grief-walling exiled to Tyumen.
In the palace coup of 1762, as a result of which Ekaterina II climbed into the Russian throne, the most active participation was taken by the brothers Ilya, Sergey and Vsevolod Vsevolozhsk. In gratitude to the faithful service, the Empress complained to the brothers to the credential certificate that Vsevolozhskie lead their history from the Moscow boyars of all-to-Zabolotsky - the descendants of Smolensk princes, which have lost the princely title. Odarila Queen is also brides from the most noble surnames and estates, who wished where. Then Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky and received the very estate on the Prechistenka, and a little later by the names of the Nobololozhskys living here, one of the eight alleys connecting the prechistenka and a downturn. Vsevolozhsky lane begins just at home number 7, where the famous family lived.
The remaining representatives of the family chose Petersburg. Over time, this preference was resulted in the division of the famous kind on the Moscow and St. Petersburg branches. Petersburg, Vsevolozhsk, always disliked "Moscow" - and vice versa. Petersburg Vsevolozhski called the Moscow family of "landowners", and Moscow Vsevolozhski considered themselves the older branch of the genus and treated Petersburg relatives, because they went to the service Romanov, and this, by the standards of that time, was considered below the noble dignity of such a good kind as Vsevolozhsk .
Vsevolozhsky is one of the seven branches from the name Rurikovich, who lived until the 20th century. And almost the only genus, whose representatives lived to this day.
Owner of factories, houses, steamboats ...
Born on October 25, 1769 Vsevolod Andreevich Vsevolozhsky service began in the Life Guard to the horse shelf, where he entered the same year, as he found himself in his house with his uncle. He passed to the Guard of the Rothmistra, which was a low low, but this did not prevent an Alvolod to take the daughter of the Astrakhan Governor, General and Beketov, albeit the extramarital. Lisa Beketova in the house of his native Papyk was considered a pupil: So at that time, the question was solved with the status of the noble sibling, which appeared on the light out of marriage, if desired to leave him in the house of a noble father.
Later, Vsevolod Andreevich, like his uncle, was reached by the Stat adviser and the actual chamber, and at the same time, thanks to the test, took the post of Astrakhan Vice-Governor. In 1808-1810, Vsevolod Andreevich was listed by the chief over all official theaters. But this representative of Vsevolozhsky showed himself not only on the sovereign service, but also as a talented entrepreneur, becoming one of the brightest, successful and rich deltsis of his time.
Vsevolod Andreevich Vsevolozhsky
In addition to the estates in Moscow, Astrakhan and St. Petersburg, Uncle left Andreevich Vsevolod more than a million tits in the Perm province. There were already four plants, Salt Varnitza and Golden Mosteste, their uncle of the heir acquired in 1773 by Baron Stroganov. But Vsevolod Andreevich was not content with the fact that he got ready for him: he expanded his land ownership, buying new estates and estates, and introduced innovations increasing income in them.
It was Vsevolod Andreevich that stood at the origins of the Russian shipping company, becoming the owner of the first steamer at Kame. From this, the career of Vsevolozhsky as the owner of factories, houses and steamers began: the Volga steamboats, sugar, cast-iron and porcelain factories, including the famous Elizabetsky - which was not only a newly involuntary entrepreneur!
"Happy Son Peters ..."
In 1800, Vsevolod Andreevich decided to improve his Moscow estate on Prechistenka, 7: From the courtyard built an extension along the entire length of the house, and the balcony with columns erected from the street.
This is how the Russian writer, publicist and historian S.N. recalls Glinka: "What only there were here artists of foreign! It seems, now you still hear the magic sounds of kind, fucking, Lamar and other orphea pets. Do they need a hall? She's ready; Lighted: glitters new furniture, and in one evening the sounds of musical are overcoming thousands of visitors' pockets in the artist pockets. "
And the contemporary and frequent guest of Vsevolod Andreevich the nobleman E.P. Yankova loved to tell, "how fun Vsevolozhski loved to live": "They were very rich, had golden firsts, gave great holidays, but it was all until the twelfth year."
March 20, 1805 Famous Teatrell S.P. Zhikharev recorded in his diary: "U V.A. Vsevolozhskaya weekly on Thursdays are played by quartets in which all the best musicians are involved, which only are in Moscow ... There is something to listen! All to know happens at these concerts. "
According to the memoirs of the guests of the Prechistenki, 7, the orchestra of Vsevolozhsky was among the best in Moscow. And all the holidays from Vsevolozhsky went out very original: "The Fair was arranged in his nameman in the rooms." Fair "was arranged in the halls between the tropical greens, shops with different goods and buffets were arranged in the halls, in which various nationalities were meeting, selling works of their country. These shops and improvised caravansers are whimpically lit by various lanterns. There were Chinese, persian, Turks, Armenians - all the costumes of the sellers were strictly withstanding. Where samovars and kettles have smoked, the Chinese and Chinese women were sitting; Where ice cream was served - Kamchadaly worshed, rushing into their deer doha. Persians were made by pistachios and dried fruits, the Turks spread coffee, sherbet and served smoking hookahs and tubes with Turkish tobacco. Yaroslavls and Yaroslavls in their national costumes were shot down, bagels and honey kvass. All these shops had their signs. "
And the signs of these invented the son of Vsevolozhsky Nikita, a famous calabrist and a witness of that time. Nikita Vsevolozhsky was friends with Pushkin and the future of the "sun of Russian poetry" often looked at the Prechistenka, 7, so that you have to have fun. In the house of Nikita, the famous Youth Society "Green Lamp" was gathered, where Alexander Griboedov, Pushkin, Tolstoy, Trubetskoy and other representatives of the most noble Russian names and the most talented representatives of Bohemia.
Nikita Vsevolodovich Vsevolozhsky
In the Soviet history, the Green Lamp was considered a meeting of future Decembrists, but, according to numerous eyewitness testimonies, the Green Lamp in Nikita Vsevolozhsky, rather, was the "place for the orgy of golden youth" that era. This proves a poem that dedicated to his favorite friend Nikita Vsevolozhsky Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, who also loved the dashing entertainment of rich Moscow aristocrats: "Sorry, the happy son of Peters ...". The poet's poem attached Nikita Vsevolozhsky to his letter from the village of Mikhailovsky.
Horned Prince on the content
Vsevolod Andreevich was legally marriage with Elizabeth Nikitary Beketova, having two adult sons with her, but at the same time she opened ... with someone else's wife! And not just with someone else, but with the legitimate wife of Prince Peter Khovansky. For the sake of the Vsevolozhsky Princess, Ekaterina Matveevna Khovanskaya, in Maiden Pekegen, threw her husband and five children and moved to the house to Vsevolozhsky.
Vsevolozhsky really wanted Catherine to divorce with Khovansky and was ready to take even five children in his home. But Prince Khovansky did not agree to divorce, secretly hoping that his own spouse was thoughtful or his own spouse or at least a legitimate half of the Vsevolozhsky Elizabeth Nikitichna Beketov.
But no one caught: Elizabeth Nikitichna died in 1810, and in 1813, Ekaterina Matveyevna gave birth to a girl from his roommate. Ekaterina's father began to bother, trying to get a divorce from Handanist for his daughter, but the prince again gave a decisive refusal. Peter Khovansky and the freedom of the wrong wife did not give, and complained about it at every opportunity.
But soon the plan of "horned prince" was clear: the rights of deceived and offended, Khovansky began to live on the content of Vsevolozhsky, the benefit of Generously contained all his close, and did not bother to the beloved Ekaterina and did not bother. All Khovansky's relatives lived for the money of the Petersburg Curse, and her children were still studying on them. The total daughter of Vsevolod Andreevich and Catherine Matveyevna Alexander, born in 1813, also received the patronymic and the surname of the legitimate husband of his mother, becoming Alexander Petrovna Khovanskaya. The beauty and windiness of Alexander Petrovna was able to go to his mother and married repeatedly: first for Major General, Gofamarshal I. P. Veshnjakova, then for Kavalergard A. N. Chelischev.
Alexandra Petrovna Khovanskaya
Numerous relatives of the cohabitant were expensive to Vsevolozhsky and "drilled" a substantial breach in his condition, and now "horned prince" was added to them. But Vsevolod Andreevich ever ever denounced him to "Fam Fatal".
Since the death of the legitimate wife of Vsevolod Andreevich, Ekaterina Khovanskaya began to do everything possible to become a full-awake mistress in the possessions of the Petersburg Circus. She controlled everything that happens around the fascinated her cohabitant, and satisfied various intrigues to build Vsevolozhsky with his sons, because they were his legitimate direct heirs.
Ekaterina Matveyevna was a woman stubborn and decisive and she succeeded: she survived Vsevolozhsky, who died on April 28, 1836, before this makes a will, in which he unsubscribed by Princess Hovanskaya his gorgeous house in St. Petersburg with all Multi-Sensual property, estate in the center of Moscow and the content of three Thousands of rubles per month. And his native sons got his Ural possession and a huge amount of debts.
In 2009 in the city of Vsevolozhsk, Vsevolod Andreevich Vsevolozhskoy was established a monument, as a person who made a considerable contribution to the Russian industry (Elizabetan porcelain factory, sugar, cast iron and other plants), in shipping company on the Volga and Kame, to the development of agriculture (the introduction of artificial Drainage and irrigation of soils) and, of course, in Russian culture - through its famous serfdom of Vsevolozhsky, which was equal to which at that time was not.
And next door to the estate of Vsevolozhskiy at Prechistenka, in the Vsevolozhskaya Lane, today one of the most suitable residential buildings of Moscow "Residence in Vsevolozhsk" is erected, where the cost of a square meter is more than 1 million rubles.
One-storey house on the territory of the former plant "Red Rose", and even earlier the factory is zhiro, immediately attracts the attention of people walking along Timur Frunze Street. The house is visible in the interval between the two red combine cases. Until recently, it was the oldest authentic wooden house, which remained in Moscow from the end of the XVIII century. When studying the house, a fragment of the wallpaper of Petrovsky times was discovered.
In 1736, possession belonged to the family of Vsevolozhsk. The genus of Vsevolozhsky led his beginning from the Grand Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, the princes of Smolensk. In terms of 1799, it was already possible to find "wooden house, choir" located on the site of the current building.
Then the manor belonged to the State and Military Actor Nikolai Sergeyevich Vsevolozhsky. In 1809, in one of the estates of the estate, being a vice-president and the management of the Moscow branch of the Medical and Surgical Academy, he founded the printing house, which was printed artistic, historical and medical books. The typography existed here until 1817, when Vsevolozhsky was appointed Civilian Governor Tver and left Moscow.
In 1812, during the seizure of Moscow, General Kompan lived in the House of Napoleon in the house of Vsevolozhsky, the typography was renamed the "imperial printing house of the Great Army". Leaving Moscow, the general took with him the outdoor hours of Vsevolozhsk, in return, he left his mare, which the owners called Madame Kompan.
In 1838, Vsevolozhsky left Khamovniki. One part of the ownership was acquired by the factory of stearin candles, another perfume factory Ralar. In 1875, both factories were sold to the owner of the silk factory Claude-Marie Zhiro, who established here the production of silk fabrics, retained after the revolution.
At that time in the main house of Vsevolozhsk, the accounting of the factory was posted.
In Soviet times, the house was not declared a monument and slowly destroyed. In 2003, the territory of the Red Rose factory was purchased for the construction of a social business complex.
Source: "Construction and Architecture of Moscow", 1983/8, p.36
As part of the Renovation of the Business Quarter, "Red Rose 1875" was decided to restore the main house of the estate with the aim of its subsequent use as a representation building.
After studying the state of the house, the specialists recognized the only possible way of scientific restoration - a bulkhead of a church. Even in Soviet times, one of the wooden walls of the house (south) was replaced by brick, which broke the cutting structure. In addition, the preservation of vintage logs was not more than 12%.
During the restoration, a symmetric composite solution and architectural and decoration of facades at the beginning of the XIX century were preserved.
Within the capital walls of the XVIII - XIX centuries, an imfilade of the front and residential premises was recreated. In five rooms on the part of the main facade were restored, on old photographs, interiors (furnaces, fireplaces, plastering walls, cornices). Also restored windows and doors. At the same time, such achievements of modernity were used as a supply and exhaust ventilation system, a single heat and cold supply system.
The estate in 2013 became the winner of the Moscow Government competition for the best project in the area of \u200b\u200bpreserving and popularizing the objects of cultural heritage "Moscow Restoration 2013" in the nomination ":" For the best project of restoration / fixture. "