After the baptism of the prince Vladimir, a huge number of Orthodox monasteries were founded and opened in Russia. Of course, the monastery and in such a meaningful city as Moscow. The Epiphany Monastery is one of the oldest in the capital. In antiquity, he is inferior only to Danilovsky.
Foundation history
When this abode was laid, scientist-historians accurately find out, unfortunately, failed. Presumably, the monastery was founded in 1296, fourteen years after Danilovsky. Prince of Moscow and Vladimirsky at that time was the younger son A. Nevsky Daniel Alexandrovich. It is believed that the bookmark of the Epiphany Monastery was held at his initiative. About who was the first abbot of the monastery, the story is silent. It is only known that after some time after the foundation, Sergius of Radonezh Stefan became Igumen. Appointed by the abbot of this monastery and the future Metropolitan of All Russia Alexy.
Prince Daniel Alekseevich
The founder of the Epiphany Resident himself was born in 1261. In fact, Prince Daniel Alekseevich is a source of Rurikovich's Moscow line, that is, all subsequent kings. During his reign, Russia was under the Golden Horde I need. Like all other princes of that time, he took part in civil wars. However, at the same time pointed out himself with one of the most peaceful rulers. Among other things, it took care of the faith of people living in his territory. In addition to the Bogoyavlensky, the Danilovsky Monastery was founded, as well as a bishop house on Krutitsa. Like many Russian princes, he was canonized by the Church (in 1791). This holy is honored as biting Daniel.
It is conditionally believed that Bogoyavlensky was founded in 1296, because it was at that time Daniel Alekseevich received the title of Prince Moskovsky.
Good location
The place for the construction of the Epiphany Monastery "Over the bargain" was not chosen by chance. First, the main Moscow road to Vladimir and Suzdal took place nearby. And secondly, the Kremlin was located in close proximity. So the prince of Moscow and Vladimir Daniel was very convenient to go for worship. In addition, the Neglinka River proceeded in close proximity, which greatly facilitated the monks to hold Jordan and the organization of the criste for the prestinal holiday.
Since there were mostly craftsmen and merchants around the monastery in Posad, originally called "what a bargaining". In the future, a more accurate expression was used for the vest nearby, as in the immediate vicinity of the monastery, the shelves of furs.
Fires
During the reasons, the monastery was almost the entire Moscow. The Epiphany Monastery was also originally built from a log. And, of course, in a short time, during one of the landing fires, the monastery burned down. When it happened, it is unknown. The first years of the life of the monastery is generally shrouded for historians secret. However, there is information that in 1340 the son of Prince Daniel, Ivan Kalita, laid the first stone temple on the territory of the monastery - a single-fuel Epiphany church on four pillars and a high foundation. Thus, this cathedral became the first stone structure erected outside the Kremlin.
For the second time from the fire, the Epiphany Monastery suffered in 1547. This misfortune happened six months after the reign of the last monastery, like all Russia, was experiencing not better than the best times. In the walls of the monastery contained many of the operational boyars, princes and clergy. In particular, it was here that Metropolitan Philip was sharpened, who publicly condemned the king for organizing Okrichnina.
There were fires in the monastery and in the following years - in 1551, 1687, 1737. In the time of Troubles, the monastery completely plundered and burned Poles (1612). This time, the monastery was already rejected by the kings from the Romanov dynasty. Subsequently, the Patriarch Filaret was very careful about the Epiphany monastery.
Another fire that destroyed the monastery was Moscow 1686. Restored the monastery this time, Peter's first mother for the new Epiphany Cathedral was chosen one of the trendies then the Baroque architectural directions. Now this style is called Naryshkinsky.
School of Brothers Likhudov
The formation of a simple people in those distant attention was paid, of course, very little. They taught children of artisans and peasants only some monks of devotees. There was no exception in this regard and Moscow. The Epiphany Monastery became one of the few, in which the school was organized. Brothers invited from Greece brothers are taught in it very educated for that time. Later, their school was postponed in later she was transformed into the famous Slavic Greco-Latin Academy.
Rich monastery
This abode burned, so very often. However, like all Moscow. The Epiphany Monastery Meanwhile restored almost always quickly. This abode throughout its history was one of the richest in Russia. Already immediately after the founding of the brotherhood of the monastery began to receive major donations from Moscow Princes and Boyar. In favor of this holy place and kings. So, for example, in 1584, Ivan the Terrible sacrificed to the Epiphany Monastery a large amount of money to commemorate the resulting operation. In 1632, the abode received the right of the duty-free alloy of building materials and firewood.
On the territory of the monastery once there were stables and the forge acted. Also, the monks received profits from the delivery of premises for rent. In different years of the Earth's Emipproof, the Earth's noble people sacrificed. Due to the prince of Vasily III, Ivan the Terrible, Boris Godunov, Sheremetyev, and others. In 1672, the ownership of Nikolskaya street was transferred to the repinnoy monastery. So the second courtyard of the monastery was formed. From the first it was separated by residential stone chambers.
Cathedral of the Epiphany Monastery in Moscow: architectural features
The main temple of the monastery includes two churches - upper and lower. The first was raised once in the name of the Epiphany. The Lower Church - Kazan In this Temple during the times of Romanov, there was a big necropolis with the tips of the most noble childbirth of Russia - Sheremety, Golitsyn, Saltykov, etc.
The emancraft vertical church is oriented - the fourth is worth the eight, in turn, who has been crowned with chapter, also with 8 faces. Even today, the tower of the Epiphany Temple is majestically towers over modern buildings of Nikolskaya Street. The facades of the cathedral are richly decorated with carvings. In particular, the windows of windows with crests and curly speakers look especially. Over the Western entrance to the cathedral built a bell tower with a spire. A gallery with additional adhesives is laid between the refectory and fourthist of the temple. In addition to icons, the interior is decorated with the sculptural compositions "Christmas", "Coronation of the Virgin" and "Baptism".
Other churches of the monastery
In addition to the Bogoyavlensky, there were once two Orthodox chief on the territory of the monastery. The first was consecrated in the name of the Christmas of John the Forerunner. This garment church was dismantled in 1905 for the construction of an income home. The second notching church stood up to the revolution itself. It was destroyed in the 20s.
The monastery was closed in the first years of the Board of Bolsheviks. Services in the Epiphany Cathedral were discontinued in 1929 the premises of the monastery adapted for a hostel for students of the Mountain Academy, as well as the metrostroy office. Later on the territory of the monastery operated the workshop of metalworking.
During the BIR, the abode almost was destroyed. Rubber bomber fell right next to her. Standing on the next street at home collapsed. Falling, the plane demolished the chapter of the cathedral. Restores it already in the 90s of the Diocese of Moscow.
In the 1980s, historical surveys were held on the territory of the monastery and the abode of the believer was transferred in 1991.
Preserved buildings
Unfortunately, the monastery was restored even after the transmission of the ROC was not. At the moment, on its territory, in addition to the Epiphany Cathedral, only the monastic cells and the infancy of the XVIII-XIX centuries have been preserved. Also in the abode there is a building of modern building - an administrative building built in the 50s of the last century. Today, the Diocese of Moscow leads on the territory of the complex restoration work.
Address
Today, believers of Christians have an excellent opportunity to visit the most beautiful Epiphany Cathedral for prayer, and tourists will explore the territory of one of the most ancient in Russia of the abode. There is a monastery at the address: Moscow, the Epiphany Pereulok, d. 2. In the immediate vicinity of it there is an entrance to the metro station "Square of the Revolution".
Today in the monastery, as ever, religious services are held. As before, the Bogoyavil Monastery (Moscow) is visited by believers. Cathedral, baptism, wedding - all these rituals can be held in his only temple. Next to the abode there is another landmark, this time, modern, - a monument to the enlighteners of the brothers Lihudam. This monument was installed in the Epiphany Lane in 2007.
Epiphany Monastery (Moscow): Schedule Services nowadays
Of course, it is better to visit the territory of the monastery at a time when worship is in her temple. Schedule them may vary depending on church holidays. As of May 1, 2016 (Easter), it looked, for example, so:
00:00 - Easter Morning.
2:00 - Early liturgy.
9:00 - confession.
9:30 - Late liturgy.
10:45 - Procession.
14:00 - Easter Supper.
The exact schedule of services on this or that day can be found on the official website of the Church of the Epiphany of the Lord in Moscow.
Total 33 photos
This is a continuation of my story about the former Epiphany monastery in China ... Part 1. In the second part, we will examine the surviving architectural monuments of the Epiphany Monastery, we will slightly focus on the results of archaeological excavations under the temple, we will visit the focus of the temple and pay some attention to the practically destroyed church The Epiphany of the Lord of the former Epiphany Monastery ...
Continued. After the revolution in 1919, the monastery was closed, the outlines were expelled, but the church life was still warm in him, since his cathedral and the Spare Church in the bell tower turned into parish. In 1922, silver was taken from the monastery, and seven years have closed the Epiphany Cathedral. The building has repeatedly moved from some new owners to others. The lower temple was first given under the flour warehouse, then the metrostro, then under the metalworking workshop. The Ukrainian club claimed to the top, but in the end he was given to the hostel of the students of the Mountain Academy, and then the enterprise "Gimpolyigraph".
Holy altari, icons, ancient tombstones, a dome with a cross - everything was tasked with and desecrated, and part of the most valuable subjects distributed museums. An extension and restructuring disguised the building, the stone walls were cracked from rain and snow, the treet began to grow on the roof. The cathedral was even more injured in 1941, when a knocked fascist bomber fell nearby and the explosive wave destroyed the top of the temple. After the war at the monastery territory, an administrative building for the NKVD was built. All temples, walls, towers and gates of the Epiphany Monastery were demolished by the Soviet authorities, by now only the Epiphany Cathedral, Igumensky and Bratsky Corps survived. The temple was transferred to the state Russian chorus them. A.V. Sveshnikova, and in it staged a rehearsal and concert halls. In the 1980s, a slow restoration began with simultaneous archaeological excavations in the church of the Epiphany.
Believers Temple returned in 1991. For the first worship services, the Appetizer Alexy was prepared - from him and began to recreate the temple during the restoration, which was perceived as a very good sign.
03.
The slow, painstaking restoration of the shrine began, and the fact that was damaged in Napoleon was corrected. In the upper temple restored carved, with gilding, multi-tiered iconostasis, stucco, painting and snow-white sculptures of Petrovsky time. Very unusual royal gates: they are made in the form of a cross. In his center - the canonical image of the Annunciation, and at the ends of the cross depicts the evangelical apostles. The upper temple is spacious, light, shining gilding - consecrated by Holy Patriarch Alexia II in 1998.
Here is such a story. Let's notice, do not rush to inspect everything that remains in the Epiphany Monastery after the "revolutionary fires" and raging human passions here.
04.
The temple of the Epiphany is qualitatively renovated, it is unusually beautiful, and many enthusiastic feelings cause.
05.
Bratsky corps of the Epiphany Monastery. The corps are now, built mainly in the second half of the XIX century, part of them - in the XVIII century.
08.
Igumen Corps of the Epiphany Monastery (XVIII-XIX centuries). If more precisely, the building is built between 1296 and 1304, then rebuilt in 1879-80-kh.
09.
We will come closer ... There are practically no detailed information about this building, so I have nothing to comment on our own feelings. Surprisingly similar impressions of these most sensations with the main home of the Moscow Patricarian Ontieval Holy Trinity Sergiyev Lavra - an extraordinarily easy tempering and peace ... the time as if stopped here! ...
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Northern part of the brotherly corps. Located opposite the West Wing of the Iguumen Corps.
12.
Bell tower of the Epiphany Temple
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Is it possible that this is a miracle of the preserved source at the fraternal corps!? Today it is not known to me.
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Now we are bypassed the Epiphany Temple from the South. There are still stoves of some willed tombstones in the walls and niches of the facade of the temple.
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As we remember, the necropolis of the Epiphany Cathedral was very prestigious. Such willed plates were installed both in the Lower Kazan Temple of the Epiphany Church and on the external walls of its facades. Such seated tombstones are usually duplicated (as honorary memorable plates), real gravestone monuments, for example, already in the lower Kazan Temple at the ground level and the disposal, which may have been in the fill level at the foundation of the temple.
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As I was explained, in the northern part of the apse, next to the attack of St. Alexince, a white-eyed slab was impeded, which is the tombstone of the local significant holy, which - I do not have information yet.
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Now we will go carefully examine the Sbernet of the Epiphany Temple ...
26.
In time, before building an existing church, two necropolis was identified by archaeologists - necropolis of the first wooden temple of the monastery and necropolis of the first stone temple. Moreover, the first stone temple was built in another place and with another orientation, rather than wooden. The wooden temple was closer to the Epiphany Alley in the northeast. The first burials in this place began in the middle of the XIII century. The necropolis was initially prestigious, because in this cultural layer there was a large number of white-named ornamented plates and their fragments.
Complex archaeological works were carried out in four excavation zones - under the fourthist, apside, refectory and under the bell tower. We will now find yourself in a focus under the meal. You will all see "live."
Axonometry of the excavation - refectory. View from the south-east.
27.
After the archaeological works performed, almost nothing of the real burials in kind was left here. And some tombstones, their fragments and empty white sarcophages remained specific form. The main mass of the white-named "fossil" artifacts was taken to the Schusev Museum and they are located there cellars in an unemployed state so far.
In the foreground - the base of the "new" church of the 1690s.
28.
In the focus under the meadow, modern enough high-quality overhaul. These two tombstones (in the photo below) there is a special elevation in the focus of the temple with a staircase. Since I am pretty spontaneously turned out to be in this holy place, it was only what you see, and then the camera of a smartphone, it was not possible to take a picture of the smartphone, to remove these two plates. In my opinion, as far as I remember, these are tombstones or yusupov, or Golitsyn. I remember that I could become a glimpse to read the military rank of general -... on your place they are not clear. It seems that these tombstones are located on the place of another old staircase, which was once in the dump.
Right - built into the old brick foundation - oven.
29.
These are the so-called anthropoid sarcophages, both in the spirit of Western and Russian medieval tombs with the "shoulders" and a semicircular protrusion in the headboard. It is clearly guessed by tribute to the style of the ancient Egyptian sarcophagus. Such sarcophagus and their fragments in the process of archaeological excavations under the temple and around it were found quite a lot, especially in the zone "under the bell tower". Sarcophages of this form began to use about the XV century.
30.
By the way, the "sarcophagi" - the original name of the limestone stone of a special breed, which, according to Plinia, was mined near the Assos, in the Troadade, and had a property for no more than forty days to destroy the body concluded in it ...
For sarcophagi in the far plan, you can consider the old foundations of the first stone church of the Epiphany and its brick grounds (pylons), and a wall niche, including. To the right of the niche - the eastern wall of the lined, on the left and below - the foundation of the furnace. Here are adjacent two old foundations - white and brick.
31.
However, we will go on the light of God ... Good as here!)
32.
Well, perhaps, all that I wanted to tell about the Epiphany Monastery as an ancient nightness of the abode of the old Moscow ...
33.
To new meetings on the immense expanses of the old Moscow!
Another remark. The photo was removed using a moderate wide-angle lens CARL ZEISS LOXIA 2/35 in order to test it for review. It is this fact that the lack of familiar wide-angle view of shooting objects in this material is explained, for 16 mm, let's say. At the same time, it is possible and reflected whether enough for a comprehensive shooting of architecture focal length B.35 mm, which is considered universal urban by definition among most photographers.
Sources:
L.A. Belyaev. Ancient monasteries of Moscow according to archeology. Wounds Institute of Archeology. Moscow. 1995.
MP Kudryavtsev. Moscow-Third Rome. Moscow.1994.
Elena Lebedeva. Epiphany Monastery in Moscow "Monument of piety." Portal "Orthodoxy.ru".18.01.2008
Epiphany Monastery in Moscow - Former Male Monastery in Moscow, in China City (Epiphany Lane).
History
The Epiphany Monastery was traditionally considered ancient in Moscow, at Posad; Church legend attributes its foundation to the generic team of the Moscow Prince Daniel House. In this regard, Danilov Monastery comes with him, but that in 1330 was transferred to the Kremlin to Sava on Bor, after which he did not exist until 1560 and, generally speaking, was until the XX century outside the city.
Church legends themselves say that one of the igumens of the Epiphany monastery was Stephen, the elder brother of the PRP. Sergius, Hegumen Radonezh, and that the future Metropolitan Alexy took the tonsure here and lasted for a long time. The monastery had a lot of weight in the life of medieval Moscow, and his rector became one of the first to be called Archimandrite.
The first stone building of the monastery, a four-starred Epiphany Cathedral, was built at the turn of the XIV and XV centuries. From white stone. The cathedral suffered greatly in 1451 during the invasion of the Ordansky Tsarevich Mazovshi, when most of the Moscow Posad burned down.
Restored with Vasili II and somewhat decompressed under Ivan III (new refectory), the monastery again suffered a lot in 1547 during the great Moscow fire. And in 1571 Ivan Grozny had to rejuvenate the Epiphany Monastery after a trip to Moscow of the Crimean Khan Devlet-Hire.
In troubled time, the monastery again underwent disasters (he suffered in 1611-1612), and almost immediately after his regrest on the throne, Mikhail Fedorovich, begins to rebuild the monastery. In 1624, a new stone cathedral was built.
Old view of Shevaldyyshevo Compound. The monastery bell tower is visible to the left.
In 1685, a school was found in the monastery, founded by the Brothers Johnny and Sophronize Lichuda School, which in a couple of years was united from Simeon Polotsk school and moved to the neighboring Zaikonospassky monastery - the Slavic Greco-Latin Academy was born.
After the fire of 1686, a new ensemble of the Epiphany monastery was created in the style of this year. "Naryshkinsky Baroque." After the construction of new cells in 1692, the blessing of the Patriarch Adrian began the construction of the new cathedral, which remained to our time. Construction work was financed, among other donors, Queen Natalia Kirillovna, the family of Prince M. Yu. Lgorukova and M. A. Golitsyn.
The Lower Church of the Epiphany Church, dedicated to the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, was consecrated by the Patriarch already on December 29, 1693, and the Upper - in honor of the Epiphany of the Lord - January 26, 1696. In the lower (sublock) part of the cathedral, part of the construction of 1624 is preserved. Later, the arch of the bowl was laid. In 1697, she was consecrated in honor of Metropolitan of Moscow Alexia.
In 1737, the monastery was again seriously injured from the city fire. The monastic buildings were restored under Archimandrite Gerasima, which by 1742 built in addition over the second gate, the Naughty Church of Boris and Gleb with the bell tower. The abode patronized rich parishioners, primarily the princes of Golitsyn and Dolgorukov. Their generous contributions allowed to continue construction work and equip new features.
In 1747, the Cathedral received the North Day in the name of St. George the Victorious, and in 1754 - South in the name of the Apostle Jacob Alfeyev. The bell tower was attached. In 1764, all monastic lands were secularized. In 1782, the church was renovated and painted, and its new parts were decorated with stucco.
In 1788, the monastery became the location of the Vicar Bishop of the Moscow Diocese. Since 1865, they were ruled by the bishops - the Vicaria of the Moscow Metropolis. Especially began to flourish the monastery after 1866, when from the Athos Mountain was brought and delivered in the Cathedral Temple of the particles of the martyrs of the martyr Panteleimon, trifones and others, as well as the miraculous icon of the Mother of God, called "Spear Selfish".
In 1873, the Council was arranged in the cathedral in the name of St. Panteleimon, and after 30 years, the Feodoevsky came to the Cathedral on the project of architect N. N. Blagoveshchensky. The monastery was attributed to the Afonov Chapel on Nikolskaya Street.
In 1905-1906, the monastery authorities, despite the public protests, demolished the church of Christmas, John the Forerunner of the XVII century, to build a revenue house (Nikolskaya Street, House 6; Architect N. N. Blagoveshchensky).
In the early 1920s, the monastery was closed, the noble assistant in the lower temple is ruined. The bell tower, the tower of the monastery fence of the XVII century, Aleksievsky, and other buildings. During the Great Patriotic War, a baked German fighter in the fall demolished the chapter of the temple. The head is restored only in the 1990s.
List of rebels
- Prokhor (1456-1471)
- Nile (Safonov) (1506-1508)
- Cyprian
- Feodosius - his signature is, among others, under the permit to enter into the fourth marriage John Grozny
- Amvrosiy - He signed in 1613 the act for the election in the kings Mikhail Fedorovich Romanova
- Elijah (1621-1631)
- Iona (1638-1642)
- Pafnuti
- Ignatius (resin) (1709-1712)
- Jacinf - signed in 1720 the spiritual regulation of the Holy Governing Synod
- Damaskin (Rudnev) (from April 1778)
- Serapion (Alexandrovsky) (February 17, 1779-1799?)
- Victor (Antonsky-Prokopovich) (1800-1801)
- Augustine (Vinogradsky) (July 1801-1801)
- Irakli (Jews) (1804-1811)
- Abraham (Shumilin) \u200b\u200b(June 26, 1816-1817)
- Apollos (Alekseevsky) (1817-1820)
- Nicodemic (Bystritsky) (June 16 - July 15, 1828)
- Philaret (Gumilevsky) (March 9, 1837-1841)
- Eustian (Orlinsky) (April 9, 1842-1845)
- Ignatius (Christmas) (October 25, 1863-1866)
- Nicodemus (Belokurov) (from March 10, 1867)
Monastery at pre-revolutionary photos
Necropolis
Before in 1771, a ban was issued to bury dead people in cities, an aristocratic necropolis has managed to be formed in the lower Kazan church, which had about 150 tombstones. High artistic value was the monuments over the graves of General Field Marshal M. M. Golitsyn, his brother General Admiral, General-Annefov G. D. Yusupova and A. A. Menshikova, Senator A. D. Golitsyn. Other loud surnames - Sheremetev, Saltykov, Dolgoruky, Romodanovskiy, Repnins are distinguished on the gravestone plates. Most of the monuments of the XVIII century are a private baroque tombstone, performed in a plane manner. An intricate compositions included ribbons, garlands, bouquets, complex drapets of fabrics and figures-personification. In pre-revolutionary editions they were attributed to the leading French masters, even Hudon.
In the 1930s, burials were looted. Only the most valuable monuments for historians were transported (with losses) to the Don Monastery (as, for example, the tador of Fedor of Biakonta XIV century). But even the preserved monumental sculpture is now closed for inspection, being "fell" in disorder in the cellars of the museum. Shusheva on Vozdvizhenka.
Modernity
A bit of the monastery ensemble has been preserved - a two-storey hospital cathedral of 1693-96. Buildings, igumensky and fraternal buildings. Compared to the XVIII century, its territory has decreased by three quarters.
The cathedral was transferred to the Moscow Patriarchate in May 1991, by the end of the year they resumed worship. During the long restoration, the Cathedral was returned for the previous appearance. Alexievsky came to unrecognizable rebuilt in the XIX century, and then demolished, recreated in the form he, on the hypothesis of restorers, could have originally.
Next to the Cathedral on May 31, 2007, a bronze monument to the monasses of the enlighteners of the Lihudam brothers was installed. The money on the monument was allocated by the Greek government.
In contact with
Novgorod chronicle this narrates about the foundation of the abode:
"From 1296 to 1304, the abode of the wondow of the wong of the Epiphany, yes, in the conjunction of the Annunciation of the Mother of God, in Moscow for the bargaining, God's blessing and structure of the blessing and the piety of Velikago Daniel Alexandrovich Vladimirskago and Novgorodskago and Moskogo and All Russia, this presence of the Epiphany in the Days of State It is done<…>».
Church legends themselves say that one of the heguents the monastery was Stephen, the elder brother of the PRP. Sergius, Hegumen Radonezh, and that the future Metropolitan Alexy took the tonsure here and lasted for a long time.
KNEWMAN, GNU 1.2Cultural heritage
Object of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation № 7710079000
How to get
From the metro station "Square Revolution"
(Arbat-Pokrovskaya line):
Exit from the station two. You need a way out marked with the following sign: "Exit to the city: to Red Square, the streets of Nikolskaya, Ilyinka, a chamber music theater, shops: GUM," Children's World "," Seating courtyard "." Climb on the escalator, leave the subway - and right in front of you high, beautiful temple.
From the metro station "China-City"
(Kaluga-Riga or Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya lines):
At this station there are two different lines. Regardless of what line you arrived, you need to turn to the outlet with the stairs (unlike the opposite exit with the escalator) under the sign: "Exit to the city: to a new area, streets: Ilyinka, Malase, Polytechnic Museum, Living Room" . Climb the stairs, turn left and go to the escalator. Rising on the escalator and coming down from the station, you find yourself in a long transition - you need to turn left and go to the end, then climb on the right out of the street. Right near the outlet of the subway starts Ilyinka Street. You need to go along it to the Epiphany Lane. He will be the second on the right side. Landmarks: Exchange Square, Seating courtyard (Corner Big Blue Building), Apricot Color Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Turning to the right to the Epiphany Lane, you will immediately see the Golden Chapter of the Temple.
From the metro station "Lubyanka"
(Sokolnichesky line):
Arriving at the station, go to the exit designated by the sign: "Exit to the city: on Square: Lubyanskaya, new, to theatrical passage, to the streets: Cannon, Christmas, Nikolskaya, B. and M. Cherkasy Lane, Chamber Music Theater, Museum of Story Moscow, polytechnic museum, air guns, pharmacy number 1, department store "Children's World". " Rising on the escalator, turn left and go to the street. Going out on the street, you will see a Lubyan Square in front of them. Turn left to the Nikolskaya street again, which begins at the metro immediately, and go to the Epiphany Lane (the second turn left). Soon you will see the temple of the Epiphany.
Predes
- Prokhor (1456-1471)
- Nile (Safonov) (1506-1508)
- Cyprian
- Feodosius - his signature is, among others, under the permit to enter into the fourth marriage John Grozny
- Amvrosiy - He signed in 1613 the act for the election in the kings Mikhail Fedorovich Romanova
- Elijah (1621-1631)
- Iona (1638-1642)
- Pafnuti
- Ignatius (resin) (1709-1712)
- Jacinf - signed in 1720 the spiritual regulation of the Holy Governing Synod
- Damaskin (Semenov-Rudnev) (from April 1778)
- Serapion (Alexandrovsky) (February 17, 1779-1799?)
- Victor (Antonsky-Prokopovich) (1800-1801)
- Augustine (Vinogradsky) (July 1801-1801)
- Irakli (Jews) (1804-1811)
- Abraham (Shumilin) \u200b\u200b(June 26, 1816-1817)
- Apollos (Alekseevsky) (1817-1820)
- Nicodemic (Bystritsky) (June 16 - July 15, 1828)
- Philaret (Gumilevsky) (March 9, 1837-1841)
- Eustian (Orlinsky) (April 9, 1842-1845)
- Ignatius (Christmas) (October 25, 1863-1866)
- Nicodemus (Belokurov) (from March 10, 1867)
The temple in honor of the Epiphany of the Lord The only structure, which remained from the oldest monastery of Moscow, founded in 1296. The temple located in the center of the capital, and now attracts many believers and tourists.
History
The Epiphany Monastery was founded in the China City at the same time. The younger son of faithful, having received Moscow to own, tried to decorate her temples and monasteries, one of which was the Epiphany Abode.
Temple of the Epiphany of the Former Bogoyavlensky Monastery, Moscow
In this monastery, currently at the Revolution Square, the chief of the Epiphany of the Lord was the chief. Original wooden, after the fires of 1340, he was erected in stone and became one of the first stone structures raised outside the Kremlin.
According to legend, the first abbot of the monastery was Brother - Hegumen Stefan. The name is also connected with the name very revered in Russia of St. Alexy Moscow, who accepted the tonsure here and conducted a monastic life.
The church of the Epiphany was very damaged several times, but restored:
- in 1451, during the invasion of the Tatar Tsarevich, a majorly part burned to a majorly part, but was restored soon;
- after the great Moscow fire of 1547 and the invasion of Devlet-Hire 1571, the monastery and the temple had again had to reconnect again;
- after troubled time, the insidual suffered greatly, and the Central Monastery of Moscow had to be rejected by new Russian states.
After all the events, the Epiphany Temple was built from scratch in 1624. Becoming the main temple of Moscow and the tomb of representatives of the Romanov family, he underwent a complete restructuring in the style of "Naryshkin Baroque" from 1686 to 1694. It was then that he acquired the appearance that currently has.
Other Orthodox churches in honor of the Epiphany:
At the monastery, there was a big necropolis where representatives of such noble surnames were buried as Sheremetyev, Golitsyn, Menshikov, Repnins. Among the burial was the grave of the father of St. The Alexy of the Moscow Fyodor Biakonta. Unfortunately, all the tombstones over these burials were lost in the Soviet period.
Modern condition
The closure of the temple in honor of the Epiphany of the Lord was in 1919. Since that time, its destruction began. In 1941, a shot down German bomber fell not far from the temple. The upper part of the temple was destroyed by an explosive wave. But in 1980 the restoration of the temple began, she pulled out for a long time.
Only after the transfer of the church of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1991. Restoration work accelerated. Soon the temple of the Epiphany of the Lord in the Epiphany Lane was completely restored, including Alekseevsky came in his original form.
Outdoor and pendant kyots in the temple of the Epiphany of the Former Epiphany Monastery
Currently, regular worships are committed in the temple.
Attention! Schedule of the servitude of the church of the Epiphany of the Lord in the Revolution Square:
- morning and liturgy takes place daily at 8.30, with the exception of Monday and Tuesday;
- evening or before the holidays begins at 17.00;
- on holidays and Sundays, start at 9.30.
Shrine
Each church has its own shrines, especially revered icons, power, or relics associated with one or another shrines.
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In the church of the Epiphany of the main shrine is the Iverly Chapel, where the revered. This chapel is located within the former monastery.
Throne holidays
In the life of each temple, the holidays associated with the thrones, consecrated in honor of those or other saints, the Virgin or the Lord of the Great Holidays, which are only twelve during the year.